In the context of research ethics, what is meant by "do no harm" principle?

The "do no harm" principle in research ethics emphasizes the responsibility of researchers to minimize risks and prevent emotional distress to participants. This is foundational because it prioritizes the well-being of individuals involved in the study. Researchers must carefully consider how their work might affect participants physically, psychologically, and socially. By minimizing risks, researchers not only protect participants but also uphold the integrity of the research process and maintain public trust in the research community.

While other options touch on important aspects of ethical research, they do not capture the essence of the "do no harm" principle. For instance, ensuring that research findings are beneficial to society is significant but does not directly address the immediate responsibility of protecting participants from harm during the study itself. Similarly, disclosing potential risks is an important practice, but it does not inherently prevent harm; rather, it informs participants. Finally, obtaining approval from ethical boards is a critical step in ensuring research is conducted ethically, but it does not directly correlate with the ongoing responsibility to protect participants from harm throughout the research process. The focus on minimizing risks and preventing distress directly aligns with the core philosophy of ethical research, making it the most accurate representation of the "do no harm" principle.